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Thursday, July 8, 2010
Asia Minor Greeks
The persecutions, massacres, expulsions, and death marches of the Asia Minor Greeks were renewed during the early 20th century by the Young Turk administration of the Ottoman Empire and during the subsequent revolution of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. The Ottoman Greek population was severely affected; its misfortunes became known as the Greek Genocide. After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire during World War I, the Allies granted Greece, with the Treaty of Sèvres, the administration of Eastern Thrace (apart from Constantinople) and the city of Smyrna and its environs. The Pontic Greeks attempted to establish their own republic, the Republic of Pontus. The defeat of the Greek army during the Greco-Turkish War led to what became known in Greece as the Asia Minor Catastrophe. A series of events, with the Great Fire of Smyrna been their peak, diminished the 3,000 year old Greek presence in Asia Minor. The Treaty of Lausanne, which was signed in 1923, anticipated the compulsory exchange of populations. The remaining Greek Orthodox population of Asia Minor and Eastern Thrace, as well as the Muslim population of Greece (the Greeks of Constantinople, Imbros and Tenedos and the Muslims of Western Thrace were excluded) were denaturalized from homelands of centuries or millennia.
The Asia Minor Expedition and Catastrophe, as well as the uprooting of the ethnic Greek population from Anatolia after three thousand years of presence, had an enormous impact on the Greek psyche. The Smyrna Catastrophe has been considered as the worst incident of modern Greek history, and as an incident of the same magnitude as the Fall of Constantinople for the Greeks. The matters related to the refugees halted the Greco-Turkish relations for many decades. The issues concerning the missing Greeks were soon raised in the International Red Cross, without any success and cooperation from the Turkish side. To this day, the Greek citizens who were born in Asia Minor have to apply for a visa in order to enter Turkey (something that does not apply to Greek citizens born in Greece).
The descendants of the refugees have found hundreds of organizations and institutes in Greece and in the diaspora to promote their civilization and to keep in touch with their roots. Various museums in Greece (such as the Benaki Museum) display artifacts from Asia Minor, Pontus, Cappadocia and Eastern Thrace to denote the Greek presence and emphasize the origins of about 40% of the population of modern Greece. *Wikipedia*
This is a list of refugee settlements in Greece (the place of origin is in parenthesis)
The Asia Minor Expedition and Catastrophe, as well as the uprooting of the ethnic Greek population from Anatolia after three thousand years of presence, had an enormous impact on the Greek psyche. The Smyrna Catastrophe has been considered as the worst incident of modern Greek history, and as an incident of the same magnitude as the Fall of Constantinople for the Greeks. The matters related to the refugees halted the Greco-Turkish relations for many decades. The issues concerning the missing Greeks were soon raised in the International Red Cross, without any success and cooperation from the Turkish side. To this day, the Greek citizens who were born in Asia Minor have to apply for a visa in order to enter Turkey (something that does not apply to Greek citizens born in Greece).
The descendants of the refugees have found hundreds of organizations and institutes in Greece and in the diaspora to promote their civilization and to keep in touch with their roots. Various museums in Greece (such as the Benaki Museum) display artifacts from Asia Minor, Pontus, Cappadocia and Eastern Thrace to denote the Greek presence and emphasize the origins of about 40% of the population of modern Greece. *Wikipedia*
This is a list of refugee settlements in Greece (the place of origin is in parenthesis)
Tuesday, July 6, 2010
Scorpio is perhaps the most complex and misunderstood zodiac sign
Scorpio is perhaps the most complex and misunderstood zodiac sign. Single minded, and driven by intensity of purpose. Scorpios approach life with total commitment, or none at all. This deep, secretive, and impenetrable sign has a strong impulse to immerse itself in life and this is no more evident than in close relationships.
Often intensely lonely and with a voracious need to connect deeply with others, Scorpios have an overwhelming desire to feel a strong emotional bond with anything, or anyone, in which they are invested. The Scorpio individual is on the path towards learning how to integrate their own darkness. No matter how controlled Scorpio appears on the surface, they are characterized by passionate emotional convictions. The underlying principle of Scorpio is transformation, and this doesn’t come easy. It involves the release of the ego and this usually triggers pain and traumatic emotions. Being the second water sign on the zodiac wheel, Scorpio reaches a point of emotional crisis. Scorpio’s have profound emotions and in order to hide their vulnerability, they sting and wound anyone who seems to threaten them. Scorpio operates between passionate engagement with the object of their desire to frozen withdrawal it all depends on how vulnerable Scorpio is feeling at the time. The Scorpion realizes that while intimacy can heal it can hurt as well.
Monkeydonia
Monkeydonian is a person who holds the view that by renaming a potato to apple, the potato will then taste like an apple. In other words, it is the person who thinks that by renaming a country's name from 'Vardaska' to 'Macedonia', in the mid 20th century, he can include in its identity, all Macedonian history that took place even as far as 2000 years before the name change. This is really a script for Aristofanes.. -Monkeydonian is someone, who when it comes to history and historical perspective, he can not count up to three, but at the same time will make arguments witch he will firmly support, even if all evidence would point, or even shout, against him. -Monkeydonians are all those who have been in school after 1991 in FYROM, and have fallen victim of revisionist education, Gruevskis cabinet agenda, and other nationalist propaganda. -Finally and most importantly, Monkeydonians are those who are actively involved in any sort of deliberate, organized, intentional attempt towards world history falsification, so as to achieve their own goals and interests. -Being Monkeydonian does not include all those FYROM citizens that agree with the above, have a sense of historical perspective, take pride in their real past, and are thus more honest and true to their ancestors and their history. -Also excluded are the all innocent children that have fallen victim of their educational system, and who I personally sympathize with the most. -One can not blame one, for what he does not know! So lets start from education. So lets start from education.
In Search of an Honest Man
In Search of an Honest Man |
| BY ADRIAN VRETTOS |
| ONE of my all-time heroes is Diogenes the Cynic, who spent most of his life chilling in his barrel outside the city-state of Corinth . He was the original Cynic because he believed that men and women lived a life dictated by rules and taboos and therefore no one was really truthful or honest. Actually Diogenes is my hero because he was witty, rude, and had little respect for authority. For example, when Alexander the Great rode down to visit Diogenes in his barrel, he offered Diogenes any gift of his choice. With a scowl, Diogenes snapped back his response: "What you've taken away, you can never give me." "Huh?" said Alex. "You're standing in my sun." What most people know about Diogenes is that he wandered around ancient Greece carrying a lantern and searching for an honest man. In Plaka you can find the figures of him and his lantern and Rataplan, his mangy mutt. What most people don't know is why he went searching for an honest man when he believed, as a Cynic, that there was no such person.  |
Monday, July 5, 2010
Sunday, July 4, 2010
Smyrneika-meatballs-in-tomato-sauce - Kopiaste
The word soutzoukakia derives from the Turkish soujouk, which is a dry, spicy, sausage and the Greek suffix -akia, meaning «small». The fact that it derives from the Turkish word does not mean, of course, that this is Turkish, as in Wikipedia we often see various things named as Turkish, when in fact they are not. Smyrneika describes the origin, which is Smyrna.
Smyrna was situated on the eastern shores of the Aegean Sea, opposite Chios in Asia Minor, with mainly Greek population.
In the early 20th century; Smyrna used to be a large, rich and cosmopolitan Greek community, who were renowned for their trading achievements, mainly dealing in tobacco and was famous for its cuisine.
After the invasion of the Turkish army into Smyrna in 1922 and the burning of the city by the Turks, the entire Greek population was ejected from Smyrna and forced to seek refuge, originally to Greece and then to other countries.
Most of the refugees came to Greece; some went to Cyprus and some all over the world. It is estimated that only in Greece more than a million refugees came and settled here. We can recognize places where the refugees settled, by the names they gave to these places, where respective cities there in Asia Minor had the same name i.e. Smyrni became Nea Smyrni, (Nea meaning new) Nea Ionia, Nea Makri, Nea Philadelphia, Nea Chalkidona, Nea Erythrea, Nea Mychaniona, Nea Kallikrateia, Nea Malgara and innumerable other places.
Smyrneika
SMYRNEIKA was the Greek cabaret tradition from Smyrna (Izmir), songs born in the Anatolian tavern, or cafe-aman. Intricate melodies and popular sing-along refrains (often reflecting the musical influence of Smyrna's Turkish, Armenian, and Jewish populations), were set to sensual dance rhythms (tsiftetelli, karsilama), and played on the santouri, outi, violi, clarino, doumbeleki, and zilia. The colorful lyrics centered around love (usually unrequited but hopeful), nostalgia (for the lost homeland), and the celebration of life through music and dance. These songs required a combination of superb vocal skills and a flair for entertaining on the part of singers - Antonis Dalgas, Roza Eskenazi, Rita Abadzi, Marika Kanaropoulou, and others - whose virtuosity and artistry still shine through the hiss of surviving 78s. * Kefi is an ebullient mood, an intense state of mind, considered essential for making music.The irrepressible kefi of the Asia Minor refugees resulted in a rich musical legacy, a testament to the indestructible Greek spirit. As Roza Eskinazi wrote: "We sang for the world. Our songs had a genuine, true feeling, full of joy, verve, and artistry."
Rebetika Music
REBETIKA was the heavier "blues" style which developed when Anatolian refugees, finding themselves unwelcome and assimilation difficult, combined musical forces with Athens' lower class. Initially there was much cross-pollination with the Smyrneic genre, but these songs reflected the harsher realities of lives spent forgetting misfortunes through drinking, gambling, womanizing, and smoking hashish. Smyrneic instrumentalists and vocalists joined with, but soon gave way to, the bouzouki, baglama, guitar, and a blunter style of singing. At first shunned by the Athenian bourgeoisie, this music eventually achieved popularity and respect.
In 1921 the Greek army occupied Turkey at the instigation of England, France, Italy and Russia. The Ottoman empire was in a state of collapse and the Great Powers, eager to carve up the territory, let Greece know that if they were to take the coast of Asia Minor where there were two million Greeks living there from ancient times, they could expect support. (They were using Greece to do their dirty work for them since the Italians had invaded from the south and were marching North. They wanted to use the Greeks to stop them from taking the entire coast of Asia Minor.) All went well and the Greek army controlled Smyrna and the coast but then two things happened that sent events rapidly downhill. The Greek army decided to march inland and take Ankara while at the same time the French backed out of the deal. This caused the other powers to withdraw their support so as not to start another world war. The Greek army found itself in retreat from a Turkish army led by Kemal Attaturk. As they passed through towns and cities they were joined by the local Greek population who did not want to be left behind when the angry Turks swarmed into town. Thousands died and the city of Smyrna was burned.
As the army retreated back to Greece it brought with them the surviving Greek population of Asia Minor. By 1922 there were two million refugees in the country. These were Greeks who had never lived in Greece. They had come from the fertile lands of Anatolia but were now forced to live in a small mountainous country that could not support them, or in refugee settlements in Pireaus and Thessaloniki. It was in the cafes and hash dens near these settlements that what we know as Rembetika was forged from the early mainland movement with its bouzouki and the oriental tunes, rhythms and singing techniques that came from Asia Minor.
As the army retreated back to Greece it brought with them the surviving Greek population of Asia Minor. By 1922 there were two million refugees in the country. These were Greeks who had never lived in Greece. They had come from the fertile lands of Anatolia but were now forced to live in a small mountainous country that could not support them, or in refugee settlements in Pireaus and Thessaloniki. It was in the cafes and hash dens near these settlements that what we know as Rembetika was forged from the early mainland movement with its bouzouki and the oriental tunes, rhythms and singing techniques that came from Asia Minor.
Imagine yourself as a refugee. In Asia Minor you may have had a business, a nice home, money, friends, family. But in the slums of Athens all you had was whatever you could carry with you out of Turkey, and your shattered dreams. You went from being in the middle class to being underground in a foreign country that did not particularly want you. Rembetika was the music of these outcasts. The lyrics reflected their surroundings, poverty, pain, drug addiction, police oppression, prison, unrequited love, betrayal and hashish. It was the Greek urban blues.
Greek Horoscopes - Pathfinder.gr
Κάποια γεγονότα θα επηρεάσουν τη ψυχολογία σας, καλό θα ήταν να προσέξετε τις κινήσεις σας *Μιλήστε σε πρόσωπα που εμπιστεύεστε καλύτερα *Δοκιμάστε να ξεκινήσετε καινούργια πράγματα, τα άστρα είναι ευνοϊκά μαζί σας και σας βοηθούν να ξεφύγετε από τα προβλήματα του παρελθόντος
Επαγγελματικά
Στην εργασία σας καλό θα ήταν να προσέξετε τις κινήσεις, φροντίστε να μην κάνετε κινήσεις που θα δημιουργήσουν εντάσεις με τους συνεργάτες σας *Φροντίστε στα οικονομικά σας να δείξετε προσοχή, μην κάνετε κινήσεις οι οποίες θα σας πιέσουν και θα βγάλουν εκτός προγραμματισμούΑισθήματα
Με την ερωτική σας διάθεση σε ανεβασμένα επίπεδα θα έχετε την ευκαιρία να περάσετε μοναδικές στιγμές πάθους με το έτερον σας ήμισυ φίλοι μου *Αποφύγετε να κάνετε κινήσεις οι οποίες μπορεί να παρεξηγηθούν από τρίτους, κρατήστε μια απόσταση και πάρτε λίγο χρόνο φίλοι αδέσμευτοιΥγεία
Προτιμήστε να μην μείνετε σπίτι σήμερα, συναντήσεις με φιλικά σας πρόσωπα θα σας χαλαρώσουν και θα σας ηρεμήσουν πολύ μετά την εργασία σας *Φροντίστε λίγο καλύτερα τη διατροφή σας αποφεύγοντας τις τροφές που έχουν πολλά λιπαρά, εμπλουτίστε τη με φρούτα και λαχανικά
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